Causality vs. Codality: Information encoded in space-time

Abstract

There are two kinds of correlations in the Universe – (i) causality that involves energy- or force-dependent interactions between correlated objects (e.g., two colliding balls), and (ii) codality that involves information- or code-dependent correlation between two objects mediated by a third entity (e.g., morphological correlations between chimpanzees and humans mediated by hominini). Both causality and codality occur in physics and biology, but the former is more pronounced in physics and the latter is more conspicuous in biology. The concept of codality was found to provide one possible way to resolve the century-old Bohr-Einstein debates. The debates arose from ignoring the duality of static and dynamic attributes of quons. Bohr ignored the static attributes of quons that can exist before measurements, while Einstein ignored the dynamic aspects of quons that cannot exist before measurement. A codality-inspired experimental procedure was proposed to test the validity of the concept of ‘spiritual resonance’ which is postulated to be isomorphic with quantum entanglement.